6th Semester ECE

This course is an introduction to Database Management Systems and basic data management notions. Specifically, the course covers the following subjects: Discussion on database models, starting from the hierarchical and the network model. The Entity Relationship model. The Relational model. Relational Algebra and Calculus. Basic and advanced SQL. Physical models and alternative methods of data base storage and retrieval. Hashing and indexing. Basics of query processing and query optimization.

This course studies the theoretical basis of modern programming languages and main aspects of their design and implementation. Historical introduction to programming languages, design considerations, principles of lexical and syntax analysis, data types and their operations. Introduction to strongly typed functional programming languages using a suitable language (e.g., ML or Haskell). Type inference and polymorphism. Names and scopes. Activation records. Introduction to object-oriented programming languages using a suitable language (e.g. C++, Java or C#). Memory management. Exception handling. Parameters and parameter passing. Introduction to logic programming languages and their foundations using Prolog.

The purpose of the course is the understanding of the operational principles and the study of the characteristics of the most important Si-based devices, including their behavior under static and dynamic operation. More specifically, the following subjects are discussed: - Brief review of the electrical properties of semiconductors - P-N junction - Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) - Metal-Semiconductor contact (Schottky and Ohmic contacts) - Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor - Field Effect Transistor (FET)

Introduction to the Structure and Function of the Cell. Biological Macromolecules: Structure and Function. Membrane Structure and Ion Transport. Electrical Potentials of the Membrane. Generation of Neuronal Potentials. Introduction to Geometrical Optics. Function of the Eye. Absorption, Scattering, and Fluorescence. Detection Systems: CCD Camera, Photomultiplier Tube. Light–Matter Interactions in Biological Macromolecules and Systems. Light-Induced Phenomena in Tissues. Introduction to Lasers: Operating Principles, Properties, Applications. Optical Microscopy and Fluorescence Microscopy. Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy.

● Analysis of medical and big data. ● Use of machine learning algorithms to assess and improve the health and safety of staff in hospitals and clinics. ● Electronic Health Record (EHR) and e-Prescribing. ● Robotic surgery – Da Vinci system. ● Nuclear magnetic resonance. ● Electromagnetic dosimetry for mobile communication devices. ● Virtual simulation of radiotherapy treatment – Galinos simulation software. ● DICOM image analysis and processing using Python.

Signal processing in digital communication systems. Filtering and amplification of digital signals. Frequency conversion. Multilevel modulation. Amplitude/phase modulation schemes. Frequency modulation schemes. Pulse shaping. Raised cosine pulses. Error performance of multilevel modulation schemes in AWGN channels. Fading. Adaptive transmission. Power control. Diversity protection. Theory and technologies of switching systems including internet routers, optical switches, wireless switches, packet and circuit switches. Packet scheduling algorithms, multicast copy techniques, call splitting. Classification of switching architectures, space and time division switching, buffering techniques and performance. Input-buffered switches, crossbar, shared memory switches, Banyan, sorting networks, Knockout. Optical switches, optical CDMA, high speed TDM, wavelength division switches. Scheduling algorithms (PIM, iRRM, iSLIP, DRRM). Internet switching, IP route lookup algorithms, buffer management techniques. Wireless switches, mobility support. Examples of switching technologies

General principles of analysis of transformers and electrical machines. Ferromagnetic materials. Configuration of single phase and three phase power transformers, autotransformers, saturation and harmonic phenomena, winding connections and parallel operation. High frequency transformers. Polyphase transformers. Distributed electrical machine windings, electromotive force and torque development, magnetomotive forces, harmonics. Configuration of three-phase induction motors, starting, double cage rotors and deep bar rotors. Classification of induction motors. Wound rotors and doubly-feed asynchronous machines, variable speed operation. Capacitor single phase induction motors, shaded-pole induction motors. Introduction to transient and dynamic phenomena in transformers and induction motors.

Course objectives: To give the student a firm grounding in the analysis and design of MOS and bipolar analog amplifier circuits. Topics covered: MOSFET: NMOS and PMOS transistors; Load-line analysis of a simple NMOS amplifier; Bias circuits; Small-signal equivalent circuits; Common-source amplifiers; Source followers Single-stage amplifier configurations with emphasis on MOS, other technologies (e.g. BJT) for comparison. Differential and multi-stage amplifiers, cascode, Darlington connections, complementary symmetry output stages. Large signal analysis. Introduction to power amplifier classes.

Basic concepts about production, consumption, transactions, prices and money. Microeconomic optimization of consumer behavior. Utility and demand functions, income and price elasticities. Microeconomic optimization of producer behavior. Production functions, productivity of production factors, cost functions, economies of scale. Pricing commodities. Market equilibrium, price formation, perfect and imperfect competition. Theory of monopoly and oligopoly competition. Optimisation over time, investment and financial flows, discount rates, present value and rate of return on capital. Applications to investment, cost and production problems for firms and their evaluation. Decisions under uncertainty.

Review of applications of optical science and technology. Introduction to optical sources: blackbody radiator, line sources, light emitting diodes (LED), lasers. Spatial and temporal coherence of light sources. Elements of Radiometry and Photometry. Geometrical Optics: Image formation, paraxial optics. Optical components, thin and thick lenses, prisms, optical beam dividers. Matrix theory ABCD of optical systems. Cardinal points/planes of an optical system. Introduction to photographic camera. Microscope and telescope. Aberrations in optical systems, monochromatic and polychromatic. Wave and electromagnetic optics: Polarized light, reflection and refraction, Brewster's angle. Wave interference, constructive and destructive interfe-rence. Fabry-Perot and Michelson interferometers. Scalar theory of diffraction. Rayleigh-Sommerfeld, Fresnel and Faunhofer diffraction regimes. Cornu spiral, Fresnel zone plates. Diffraction gratings. Optics of Transformations: optical Fourier transforms, holograms, optical data processing, pattern recognition, image enhancement, optical memories. Light and matter interactions: Birefringence, electro-optic, magneto-optic and acousto-optic devices.

Construction and description of Stochastic Processes, finite dimensional distributions. Markov Chains, transition probabilities, Chapman-Kolmogorov equations, communication classes. Stopping times, strong Markov property, recurrence and transience. Potential Theory: boundary value problems for absorption probabilities, mean hitting times. Random walks. Invariant distributions, existence, uniqueness, time reversibility, detailed balance. Coupling, period, convergence to equilibrium, renewal theorem, ergodic theorem. Mixing time and relaxation time. Applications: Web search, electrical networks and Rayleigh’s principle, Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, Ising model, Simulated annealing. Poisson processes: independence of increments, thinning and summation. Compound Poisson processes. The course in accompanied by a virtual lab in Python.

This course introduces students to methods for model reduction and performance analysis of service systems for telecommunication networks, Internet-type networks, and computing systems. Emphasis is placed on analytical methods from queueing theory, complemented by simulation methods. The course content includes: - An overview of concepts from Probability Theory, with emphasis on memoryless random variable distributions (Poisson distribution and exponential distribution), definitions of Markov stochastic processes, and ergodicity; - Definitions and basic queueing models, customer arrival and service processes, server utilization, average queue length and average delay, Little’s Law, throughput, and loss probability; - Birth–death processes and applications to basic Markov queueing systems such as M/M/1, M/M/1/K, M/M/N, and M/M/N/N; - Open and closed queueing networks, the Burke, Jackson, and Gordon–Newell theorems; and - Applications to the performance analysis of data transmission networks (Internet), telephone networks, and computing systems.

Introduction to Microprocessor technology and architecture. Microprocessor-Based Systems - Embedded Systems. Description and instruction set of 8085, 80x86, ARM and AVR Microprocessors. Introduction to RISC-V processors. Embedded programming in Assembly and C language - Macros and Routines. Memory systems and technology - Memory reference methods. Data input-output techniques, Interrupt systems and Direct Memory Access. Introduction to Systems-on-a-Chip, data communication bus and protocols. Microcontroller peripherals and Embedded applications.

Visible radiation and light. Black body radiation. Spectral luminous efficiency of photopic and scotopic vision. Mesopic vision. Basic principles and quantities of photometry. Colorimetry. Spectrum of visual light, basic colours, chromatic systems, tristimulus values. Luminous intensity, luminous flux, illuminance and luminance. Units of Photometry. Light sources. Luminous efficacy of light sources. Basic laws of photometry. Reflection, absorption and transmission. Luminaires. Distribution of luminous inensity (polar diagrams). Zonal distribution of luminous flux (light output ratio diagrams). Calculation of luminous flux codes (CIE, DIN, CEN, UTE). Illuminance distribution (isolux diagrams). Horizontal and vertical illuminance. Glare. Luminance diagrams (Schoelner, CIE, DIN). Unified Glare Rating. Utilization factor. Maintenance factor. Visual ability. Lighting calculation methods. Computer models. International standards on quality assurance of lighting fixtures. Utilization of daylight. Lighting controls (sensors, dimmers, BMS). Energy saving in lighting installations.

Enterprise and management functions. Business planning and strategy. Definition of the business vision, mission, goals and strategy. SWOT analysis. Models of competitive forces and strategies for competitive advantage. Ethical and social responsibility in management. Enterprise organisation and organisational behaviour. Formal and informal organisational dimensions. Technological factors and flexible organisation. Methods and tools for human resources management. Marketing, marketing strategy, market segmentation, marketing / sales plan and the marketing mix. Entrepreneurship: the role of entrepreneurship in the modern economic framework, development of a business idea, starting a business activity, access to resources, elements of a business plan, business opportunities and obstacles. Leadership. Control and quality management. Operations management. Traditional and new tools for quality management, change management and innovation. Case studies.

The course is an introductory one on Digital Communications, with two main subject areas: digital modulations (ASK, PSK, QAM, FSK, MSK, OFDM) and channel coding (linear block codes). For each of the topics it deals with, a concise theory is presented as well as elaborated simulation examples on the MATLAB platform, which form the basis of the students laboratory practice. The subject matter of the course can be seen in detail in the description of the individual UNITS.

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